How to Teach a Slug to Read

How to teach children to read

Teaching children to read is one of the virtually complicated, backbreaking and time-consuming parts of teaching English. There're many approaches to didactics to read present. Yet, I'll focus on two popular and effective methods: Phonics and "Look and say".

Phonics

Phonics is a method of teaching young learners how to read which focuses on how letters brand sounds, and how these sounds make words. This approach is not meaning focused, it is just about decoding and pronunciation. Teachers are to put accuracy before speed because fluency (i.east. speed, accurateness, expression, and comprehension) will come with time.

Phonics is the study of the relationship between the spoken and written language, i.due east. phonemic awareness and letter of the alphabet shape. Each letter or combination of messages represents a sound or sounds. The information is codified, as we must be able to recognise which symbols make which sounds in order to read. Children are taught 44 alphabetic character sounds, which is a mix of alphabet sounds:

• graphic symbol (1 audio – one letter, east.1000. c, t, a )
• digraphs (ane audio – 2 letters, eastward.g. sh, th, ai, ue )
• trigraphs (ane sound — iii letters, e.thou. ght )

This information is constitute in the Alphabetic Code .  There's no one order you choose to teach phonics, but it's definitely improve to go from simple to more circuitous phonics.

"Phonics involves the teaching of the transparent alphabet (e.grand. /m/ as in «cat») before progressing onto the "opaque" alphabet (eastward.g. /one thousand/ equally in «schoolhouse»). In other words, children are taught steps which are straightforward and like shooting fish in a barrel before being taught the complications and variations of pronunciation and spelling of the total alphabetic lawmaking"(© Wikipedia ).

Therefore children are first taught graphemes and high-frequency tricky words, then digraphs and trigraphs; so less frequency tricky words. Moreover, it'southward better to base phonics on the target vocabulary, then phonics are not separated from the principal form and children learn as they become forth.

What are tricky words?

These are some words which don't follow easily recognisable patterns. Children have to larn these words in their entirety, by sight. Native speakers learn a lot of these at school through verse, then ane way to teach them is to say a word that rhymes with the tricky word (for example, "shoe" rhymes with "zoo" and "cardinal" rhymes with "tree"). Some other good way to practise them is flashcard-type games.

When a child is learning to read in that location are crucial things to learn:

• how the sounds are represented by written letters;
• how to blend (synthesise) the sounds together to make words;
• how to segment for spelling (e.g. spell your name).

Children are taught to read messages or groups of messages past proverb the sound(southward) they correspond. For example, how to teach the discussion "cat" using the Phonics method.

1. Say the sound [1000].
2. Have the student repeat the audio.
3. Say the whole word, "cat" [kæt].
4. Tell the student to echo the whole word.
5. Say some other words that offset with [grand]: "block", "cup", "coke".
6. Gear up flashcards with different pictures. Say the words for the student to listen and cull the words with the sound [yard] (to practice sound recognition)
7. Tell the student to write the letter, and so the word. (to do tracing and letter of the alphabet recognition)

Teachers take to read a total range of target vocabulary, sentences, comic strips, literature with the children and ensure that students have a total range of feel of activities associated with literacy such every bit role play, chants, songs, poetry, but children are not expected to 'read' text which is beyond them, and the method does not involve guessing the meaning from context, picture, and initial letter clues. If students do not know or cannot read, a teacher reads for them.

This is a not bad five-level form you can use.

Pros of Phonics:

• Students learn sounds.
• They learn to read step by stride.
• It'due south more comprehensible, consistent and based on Lexis.
• Children can read the words they don't know if they know the sounds spelling

Cons of Phonics:

• Students cannot start reading until they acquire plenty sounds.
• They tin read only the words with the sounds they know.
• It tin can accept a long fourth dimension.
• This approach is not comprehension-focused.

Wait and say

Phonics can be compared with the whole discussion , or 'Look and say' arroyo, which focuses on recognising words. This is a method of teaching reading based on the visual recognition and memorizing of words rather than by the clan of sounds and letters.

For example, using a "Look and say" approach a child may be shown the word "true cat" on a flashcard and is told, "true cat". The child, over time, and so learns that when they see the symbol "true cat", they are to say the word "cat". This way English becomes kind of a logographic language, that has thousands of detailed symbols that correspond private words.

Picture show-words or sight words business relationship for upwards to 75% of the words used in beginning children's print materials. Sight give-and-take lists have been compiled based on high-frequency words, for example, the Dolch word listing. These words are divided into levels which are prioritised and introduced to children according to a frequency of appearance in beginning readers' texts.

Pros of "Wait and say":

• Children learn high frequency and easy words fast.
• Students learnt how to read "like" new words by association and give-and-take recognition. For example, "cat", "bat", "rat". Children recognize words automatically, as a upshot, a get-go reader will be able to identify the majority of words in a get-go text before they even attempt to read it (in phonics arroyo they run across the similar alphabetic character sounds, when in "Wait and say" they come across the similar symbols).
• It allows children to concentrate on meaning and comprehension as they read without having to stop and decode every single discussion.
• It helps to learn catchy words with unusual spelling, as they cannot be sounded out using basic phonics knowledge.

Cons of "Await and say":

• Children are required to memorise thousands of words and cannot decode new words they run into independently. Instead of having to think simply 26 letters and their matching phonemes, children accept to apply their memory space to call back each and every word as a symbol.
• Children may be stuck in reading if they don't know how to read certain letters.
• Students may have difficulties with spelling.
• You ever demand an image: pictures or miming which doesn't work well for abstract things of certain phrases.

Based on the information in a higher place I would recommend combining both methods to make didactics reading more productive, comprehensible, logical and consistent.

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Source: https://skyteach.ru/2018/11/29/how-to-teach-children-to-read/

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